The second festival building dealed with the so-called Street of Nations. This monumental thoroughfare connects the three ring graves with 18 pylons, one pylon for each selected nation. On the pylons are fire bowls, which were still lit at events in the early years of the memorial.

Shortly after the inauguration of the memorial, not only was the composition of the countries criticised, but doubts were also expressed as to whether the concept of nations and the monumental architecture were appropriate to represent the fates of individuals who were socially and racially persecuted.